Brain

Parkinson's disease results from the loss of dopamine producing brain cells; however, the mechanism that start and continue this loss are still largerly unknkown. Recent research has suggested a protein called tau may contribute to the development and progression of Parksinon's disease. Using Positron Emission Tomography (PET), a brain imaging technique, we hope to determine if and how much tau is present in healthy control subjects. This control data will then be used for comparison for data collected in patients with Parkinson's and related diseases.

The purpose of this 9-day study is to determine if:

• Pantoprazole modifies the steady-state plasma concentrations of orally administered psychotropic medications including valproic acid, lithium, and second-generation antipsychotics (i.e., aripiprazole, asenapine, clozapine, lurasidone, olanzapine, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, ziprasidone)
• Serum gastrin levels change within a week of starting or stopping pantoprazole

Patients with bipolar I disorder (BD) experience depression 3 times more frequently than mania, and antidepressants are prescribed as adjuncts to mood stabilizers in up to 70% of patients. However, no placebo-controlled trials have assessed the efficacy or safety of modern antidepressants in combination with mood stabilizers in the maintenance treatment of BD. The investigators propose a multicentre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing mood stabilizer plus antidepressant (escitalopram or bupropion XL) to mood stabilizer plus placebo in the maintenance treatment of BD.

This study will determine whether in RRMS patients receiving Gilenya there is a link between disease progression and biologic markers.

This randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in comparison with Rebif (interferon beta-1a) in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Patients will be randomized to receive either in group A, ocrelizumab 600 mg intravenously (iv) every 24 weeks plus Rebif placebo subcutaneously (sc) three times weekly, or, in group B, Rebif 8.8 mcg (Weeks 1+2)/22 mcg (Weeks 3+4)/44 mcg (Week 5 and following) sc three times weekly plus ocrelizumab placebo iv every 24 weeks. Anticipated time on study treatment is 96 weeks.

The primary objective of the study is to assess the safety and tolerability of long-term treatment with BIIB019 (Daclizumab High Yield Process; DAC HYP) monotherapy in participants with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) who completed Study 205MS301 (NCT01064401).

The secondary objectives of this study in this study population are as follows:

This study is a pilot to assess feasibility of the protocol in patients and controls across six participating sites. The goal is to identify biological markers (biomarkers)that can be measured at baseline or early in treatment to predict treatment outcome in individual patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Biomarkers of interest will be clinical (using interview and self-report measures), molecular (from blood samples) and neurobiological (using neuroimaging and EEG).

The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical, cognitive, motor, brain imaging, genetic and biochemical biomarker characteristics of Alzheimer disease (AD), subcortical vascular disease (SVaD) and mixed dementia (AD + sVaD).

This randomized, parallel group, double-blind, placebo controlled study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in participants with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Eligible participants will be randomized 2 : 1 to receive either ocrelizumab or placebo. The blinded treatment period will be at least 120 weeks, followed by an Open Label Extension (OLE) treatment for participants in both groups who in the opinion of the investigator could benefit from further or newly initiated ocrelizumab treatment.

The purpose of this study is to collect long-term safety and tolerability, long-term efficacy, and health outcome data in all patients currently ongoing in the fingolimod multiple sclerosis clinical development program. This study will combine all currently ongoing Phase II and III fingolimod extension studies as well as ongoing and newly planned studies into one single long-term extension protocol that will provide patients with continuous treatment and will continue until fingolimod is registered, commercially available, and reimbursed in the respective countries.